Many older adults notice changes in memory or thinking before these changes appear on standard cognitive tests. This stage, called subjective cognitive decline, can sometimes be an early warning sign of future dementia. Current memory tests often depend on spoken language, which can make them less fair and less accurate for people from different cultural or language backgrounds. This study will develop a more inclusive method for detecting early brain changes by measuring mental effort during simple visual memory tasks while an eye-tracking device records eye movement. We will compare people with and without subjective cognitive concerns and then follow them for three years to see who develops significant cognitive change. We aim to create an inclusive tool that can identify people at higher risk earlier. Earlier detection could help individuals, families, and health-care providers plan support sooner and improve access to timely care for people at risk of dementia.
